Individual-level interventions

Individual-level interventions determine what will be distributed to individuals to reduce the spread of a disease. For example, distributing vaccines or drugs are individual-level interventions. In the schema, these are labeled as IndividualTargeted.

It is also possible (but not required) to configure why a particular intervention is distributed by adding trigger conditions to the intervention. For example, interventions can be triggered by notifications broadcast after some an event, such as Births (the individual’s own birth), GaveBirth, NewInfectionEvent, and more. It's also possible to have one intervention trigger another intervention by asking the first intervention to broadcast a unique string, and having the second intervention be triggered upon receipt of that string. See Event list.

Individual-level interventions can be used as part of configuring a cascade of care along with the individual properties set in the demographics file. Use Disqualifying_Properties to disqualify individuals who would otherwise receive the intervention and New_Property_Value to assign a new value when the intervention is received. For example, you can assign a property value after receiving the first-line treatment for a disease and prevent anyone from receiving the second-line treatment unless they have that property value and are still symptomatic.

Vector control

The following individual-level interventions are commonly used for vector control.

Intervention	Target life stage	Target biting preference	Target biting location	Effect
HumanHostSeekingTrap	feeding cycle	human		killing
IndoorIndividualEmanator	feeding cycle	human	indoor	killing, blocking
IRSHousingModification	feeding cycle	human	indoor	killing, blocking
Ivermectin	feeding cycle	human	all	killing
ScreeningHousingModification	feeding cycle	human	indoor	killing, blocking
SimpleBednet	feeding cycle	human	indoor	killing, blocking
SimpleIndividualRepellent	feeding cycle	human	all	blocking
SpatialRepellentHousingModification	feeding cycle	human	indoor	killing, blocking

Summary table of individual-level interventions

The following table provides an at-a-glance overview of the individual-level interventions.

Intervention	Short description	Able to be serialized?	Uses insecticides	Time-based expiration?	Purge existing?	Vector killing contributes to:	Vector effects
AdherentDrug	Model adherence with AntimalarialDrug	Y		Y/N
AntimalarialDrug	Distribute one drug to an individual	Y		Sort of
BitingRisk	Adjust an individual's relative chance of getting bitten by a mosquito	Sort of			Sort of
BroadcastEvent	Send an event to an individual
BroadcastEventToOtherNodes	Send an event to individuals in other nodes
ControlledVaccine	Manage how an individual receives a vaccine	Y		Y	Controlled
DelayedIntervention	Wait before sending event or intervention	Y		Y
HumanHostSeekingTrap	Attracts and kills host-seeking mosquitoes	Y			Y	Indoor Die Before Feeding	Attracting, killing
ImmunityBloodTest	Check if an individual's immunity meets a specified threshold	Y
IndividualImmunityChanger	Not tested with Malaria	Y
IRSHousingModification	Indoor Residual Spraying for an individual	Y	Y		Y	Indoor Die After Feeding	Repelling, killing
IVCalendar	Distribute an intervention to an indivdiual when they reach a specific age	Y		Sort of
Ivermectin	Kill vectors feeding on human	Y	Y	Sort of	Y	Indoor/Outdoor Die After Feeding	Killing
MalariaDiagnostic	Test if an individual is infected	Y/N
MigrateIndividuals	Schedule a trip for a single individual	Y/N
MultiEffectBoosterVaccine	Not tested with Malaria	Y
MultiEffectVaccine	Not tested with Malaria	Y		Wanning Effect Expiration
MultiInsecticideIRSHousingModification	Individual IRS involving multiple insecticides	Y	Y		Y	Indoor Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, killing
MultiInsecticideUsageDependentBednet	ITN treated with multiple insecticides	Y	Y	Y	By Name	Indoor Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, blocking, killing
MultiInterventionDistributor	Distribute multiple interventions instead of one	Y/N
MultiPackComboDrug	Control doses of multiple drugs	Y
OutbreakIndividual	Infect individuals	N
OutbreakIndividualMalariaGenetics	Infect individuals with a specific parasite genome	N
OutbreakIndividualMalariaVarGenes	Infect individuals with specific antigen values	N
PropertyValueChanger	Change an individual's IndividualProperty value	Y
RTSSVaccine	Boost CSP antibody	Y
ScreeningHousingModification	Modify an individual's house with screens that kill and block vectors	Y	Y		Y	Indoor- Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, killing
SimpleBednet	Insecticide Treated Net (ITN)	Y	Y	Wanning Effect Expiration	By Name	Indoor- Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, blocking, killing
SimpleBoosterVaccine	Not tested with Malaria	Y
SimpleDiagnostic	Test if an individual is infected using sensitivity and specificity diagnostics	Y/N
SimpleHealthSeekingBehavior	Randomly distribute interventions or events to individuals	Y/N
SimpleHousingModification	Block & kill vectors at an individual's house	Y	Y		Y	Indoor Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, killing
SimpleIndividualRepellent	Block vectors from biting an individual	Y	Y				Repelling
SimpleVaccine	Modify the acquisition, transmission, and mortality effects by distributing a vaccine	Y		Wanning Effect Expiration
SpatialRepellentHousingModification	Block vectors from an individual's house	Y	Y		Y		Repelling
StandardDiagnostic	Test if individuals are infected using sensitivity and specificity diagnostics	Y/N
UsageDependentBednet	Control when individuals use bednets (ITN)	Y	Y	Y	By Name	Indoor Die Before/After Feeding	Repelling, blocking, killing